Discipline and Improve Students Behaviour in Classroom Education Essay Example for Free

Train and Improve Students Behavior in Classroom Education Essay The issue of how best to train and improve students’ conduct in study hall is of changeless intrigue. This audit is situated to looking through changed techniques concerning students’ conduct in homerooms, teachers’ discipline systems and social administration. Various perspectives and various models for fitting conduct have been talked about alluding to the subject. The sources checked on present various arrangements. This paper analyzes likewise the homeroom condition and its connection to effective conduct usage. The main passages give various definitions acquainted with conduct and control as indicated by the authors’ see. The continuation of the writing audit is introduced by various methodologies and techniques concerning a decent social administration. This elaboration sets out a portion of the contentions and proposals which are talked about in more detail. Charles C. M. presents a few definitions relating to conduct: Behavior alludes to everything that individuals do. Trouble making is conduct that isn't suitable to the setting or circumstance in which it happens. Discipline†¦ are methodologies, strategies, and structures that educators use to help a positive learning condition. Conduct the board is a science that puts a complement on what educators need to do to forestall misconduct (Charles 1). Students’ conduct relies upon a few factors, for example, customs, segment settings, monetary assets, family, encounters, and the sky is the limit from there. A few creators have made significant commitments in overseeing study hall discipline related the twentieth century. Jacob Kounin (1971), one of them, reports that proper understudy conduct can be kept up through study hall association, exercise the board, and way to deal with singular understudies. Rudolf Dreikurs (1972) then again underlines the longing to have a place as an essential need of understudies in school. He recognizes sorts of rowdiness and gives thoughts regarding how to cause understudies to feel a piece of the class or gathering (p. 63). William Glasser (1986) shows another view, putting forth a defense that the conduct of another person can't be controlled. He figures that everyone can just control his own conduct. By and by I bolster this thought we should control ourselves. As indicated by the assessment of different creators, Linda Albert’s, Barbara Coloroso’s, Nelson and Lott’s a decent order in the study hall can be accomplished through Belonging, Cooperation, and Self-Control. A comparable thought of study hall the executives is likewise introduced by Rackel C. F who pronounces that the instructors, thought of it as was important, â€Å"to create students’ feeling of having a place with the school† (p. 1071) The creator bolsters the assessment of the essentialness of a decent school atmosphere and tells that it may be precondition for encouraging positive youth improvement (Rackel C. F 1071). So as to achieve a decent study hall environment there is a need of developing positive connection among understudies and instructors, inspiration the students’ support and clear guidelines to control homeroom discipline (Rackel C. F 1072). Also these previously mentioned perspectives can be characterized as an inspirational standpoint as respects to improving the study hall the board. Another perspective inside the subject of overseeing discipline is through dynamic understudy contribution and through businesslike Classroom the board (Charles, C. M. 2007, p. 7). Control through raising understudy duty is additionally emphatically situated methodology for homeroom the executives. The three rules that improve conduct introduced in the article â€Å"Self-appraisal of understanding† are inspiration, decision, and reflection (Charles, C. M. 12). There the creator clarifies the standards meaning. He expresses that being sure methods being an inspiration. Whenever understudies have chance to share their decisions they can introduce themselves with a decent conduct. â€Å"Asking understudies addresses that urge them to think about their conduct can assist them with changing behaviour† (Charles 14). Rebecca Giallo and Emma Little (2003, p. 22) from RMIT University Australia give their remarks additionally on homeroom conduct the board. They guarantee that certainty is one of the most significant trademark that impact teachers’ viability in homeroom the board. Giallo and Little (2003, 22) in view of the past articulation of Evans Tribble acknowledge that less certain educators appear to be increasingly helpless against upsetting homerooms. They keep up the hypothesis that the homeroom stress is a purpose behind surrendering a teacher’s vocation. In school the pressure can be defeated through including of extraordinary measures concerning dealing with a decent control. One of the most well known technique for taking care of conduct issues is discipline. By reason of the ubiquity of the subject in the field of training, numerous specialists have composed articles and books just as given talks on control and discipline. Anne Catey dependent on Dreikur’s words thinks about that there is no need of utilizing discipline in class. In light of Catey’s words kids need to get an opportunity they can share their thoughts in the class (1). This is the most ideal approach to â€Å"smooth, beneficial working in schools† (Charles, C. M, 1999). Anne Catey from Cumberland High School gets a meeting from a few instructors in Illinois area about their order rehearses. She acknowledges the proposal given by Lawrence as referencing that, â€Å"very successful procedure is a concise meeting, either in the lobby or after class, with the getting rowdy student† (Punishment, 1). Anne Catey has her own methods for study hall the board. She can't help contradicting Lawrence seeing about funniness as one of the terrible procedures for compelling control and accepts that utilizing of diversion can be powerful whenever managed without humbling the understudies (Punishment, 1). Along these lines she gives every one a touch of individual consideration. At the point when a portion of her understudies are somewhat diverted on one errand, conversing with companions as opposed to perusing Catey says, â€Å"Since I generally expect the best of my understudies, I accept the commotion I hear is understudies perusing so anyone might hear or talking about their books. In any case, it’s time to peruse quietly now as opposed to perusing aloud† (Punishment, 1). This sounds as a decent technique however by and by I renounce this proposal. This doesn’t work constantly. I am attempting to be severe with my understudies and as indicated by this the students need to watch the principles in my classes. That doesn’t imply that I concede the extreme discipline yet once in a while the harsh alerts. I concur with the accompanying procedures utilized by Anne Catey (2001) to change conduct including giving â€Å"zeroes for inadequate, wrong, as well as missing work and taking focuses off toward the finish of a quarter for absence of cooperation or potentially poor listening†. True to form, these strategies are compelling for a portion of the students yet not for the others. Identified with the previously mentioned theme it could be seen a portion of the homeroom discipline procedures used in Australia, China and Israel. Based on expounded research in these nations a few clinicians and school chiefs (Xing Qui, Shlomo Romi, 2005) infer that Chinese instructors show up less correctional and forceful than do those in Israel or Australia. Australian homerooms are introduced as having least conversation and acknowledgment and most discipline. In Australia (Lewis, 2005) as worried to the examination the educators are described by two unmistakable control styles. The first of these is called â€Å"Coercive† discipline and contains discipline and hostility (shouting out of resentment, mockery bunch disciplines, tc). The subsequent style, containing conversation, insights, acknowledgment, inclusion and Punishment, is called â€Å"Relationship based discipline† (Lewis 7). Coercive order as indicated by the previously mentioned creators implies the teacher’s conduct is, for example, â€Å"shouting constantly, unjustifiably accusing understudies, singling out children, and being inconsiderate, to animate understudy obstruction and resulting misbehaviour† (Lewis, Ramon 2). The significance of homeroom discipline emerges not just from students’ conduct and learning as laid out above. It relies additionally upon the job of the instructor. Once in a while clearly educators are not have the option to oversee students’ homeroom order and it can bring about pressure. So,â€Å"classroom discipline is a union of educator stress† (Lewis 3). Chan (1998), covers the stressors of more than 400 instructors in Hong Kong, claims that understudy conduct the executives rates as the second most huge factor focusing on educators. In the article Teachers’ Classroom discipline a few procedures have been introduced for improving study hall the board. They are Punishing (move students’ seats, detainment), Rewarding (rewards, acclaims), Involvement in dynamic (chooses with the class what ought to befall understudies who get out of hand), Hinting, Discussion and Aggression. Another procedure for improving order in class is leading polls between the understudies. It is a fitting methodology for characterizing students’ feeling about conduct issues. In every Chinese and Israeli school an irregular example of classes at all year levels have been chosen. As an exploration colleague controlled surveys to these classes their educators finished their polls (Yakov J. Katz 7). In contrast with the entirety of the referenced nations the model in China is somewhat extraordinary in that understudies bolster utilization of all procedures aside from Aggression and Punishment. In view of the led research the main technique to run inside a nation by multiple positions is Punishment, which positions as the most widely recognized procedure in Australia, and the fourth and f

Entry strategy of IKEA in to Brazil Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Section technique of IKEA in to Brazil - Essay Example In the underlying stages IKEA extended its business into new markets outside of Sweden including Norway by direct section and by procuring different organizations. In any case, throughout the years IKEA has been concentrating on extension of its business through diversifying. IKEA now works more than 325 stores which are situated in 35 nations. An examination of the Brazilian market shows that it is an extremely encouraging condition for IKEAs items. The way of life of regular workers people have improved and this has expanded their interest for different items including home decorations. Upper and working class Brazilians have high extra cash and are happy to spend on great brand name items thus it would be acceptable if IKEA offer merchandise for various sections of the market as opposed to concentrating on simply low evaluated items. Moreover, explore demonstrates that 59% of Brazilians have an inclination for outside brands over home brands. In any case, there are sure obstructions in the political and legitimate condition that may adversely affect the accomplishment of IKEAs business. Moreover, the cash of Brazil is exaggerated. It is accordingly significant that IKEA utilize its assets to address shortcomings in its activities and utilize openings and decrease the effect of dangers in the earth. IKEA works 325 stores in 35 nations all through the world. The company’s first stores somewhere in the range of 1955 and 1978 were opened in Sweden, Norway, Denmark, Switzerland, Germany, Australia, Hong Kong, Canada, Austria, Netherlands and Singapore. From that point forward the organization has consumed its tasks to 24 extra nations. In any case, the organization doesn't have a nearness in Brazil. The vast majority of IKEA stores are establishments and thusly the organization doesn't need to give any capital cost. Be that as it may, establishment expenses are subject to the accomplishment of its establishment tasks. In

Marks and Spencers Competitive Advantage Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Imprints and Spencers Competitive Advantage - Essay Example This paper shows that vital administration is identified with the multifaceted nature which emerges from vague just as non-routine conditions association wide. It is a significant administration strategy for the chiefs to control the accessible assets of the business association on an everyday reason for the improvement of the organization. Since vital administration is identified with the troublesome and complex issues of a business association viable; along these lines these issues likewise incorporate business choices and decisions. These choices and decisions depend on the conceptualization of complex issues. The business-level methodology of the organization is a significant issue of key administration for any association which encourages the organization to procure the more noteworthy upper hand in the market. The business-level methodologies contain two sets. The principal set of system is identified with the ‘bases of serious strategy’. This arrangement of proced ures included serious business techniques identified with costs of merchandise and ventures, item and quality separation and crossover and core interest. The second arrangement of systems incorporates business techniques which are identified with the point of the business association to accomplish upper hand. These methodologies incorporate supportability procedures, hypercompetitive systems, and joint effort techniques. Serious procedure is viewed as the most significant component which is applied by business associations to obtain the more prominent upper hand in the market. This technique incorporates evaluating systems, separation methodologies and so forth to accomplish the ideal objective. These procedures influence the inclination and decision examples of clients and in this way help the specialty unit to arrive at its ideal goal of higher upper hand. Upper hand is procured by specialty units through powerful separation of items dependent on appropriate ecological and cultura l conditions and exhibitions.

What Internet for Business Essay Samples Is - and What it Is Not

What Internet for Business Essay Samples Is - and What it Is Not Furthermore, the world wide web offers options where people may contribute and explore the information which they are searching. Because of the online business aren't required to compose cheques constantly. Email marketing is a powerful and very low cost method to reach a massive group of people who have a newsletter, coupons or company updates. It isn't just obvious that any on-line company is anticipated to be successful. Many people don't understand that the success of their company depends upon how they relate to their clients. Thus, there's a rise in building and construction activities which offers a market opportunity for the nation. A little business has plenty of disadvantages over larger companies. As a result of the net, small businesses have numerous resources and opportunities which were unimaginable even a decade ago. The Benefits of Internet for Business Essay Samples Budget Actions Control T he efficiency of the internet marketing and advertising strategies will be measured on the grounds of the feedback sections of the site. Certainly, the speed with which the Internet can offer information makes gaining information simpler than it was before. Another fantastic approach to publicize your company is getting your website optimized for SEO. Businesses should pay plenty of attention to information security, because it's much simpler to break in the system and get access to confidential data, if there's an information system, than in the normal paperwork atmosphere. Or, worse, it might damage the business's image. If you aren't showing up you're dead! The concept is to construct a website that will attract traffic and monetise it by means of advertising. People today conduct business without needing to move from one place to the other. The Demise of Internet for Business Essay Samples An offline small business enterprise relies on branding and client relationships . In marketing terms, if your organization uses YouTube or other on-line platforms for advertising, you can locate your traffic reduced. Businesses will need to deal with patent protection difficulties, licensing, copyright legislation should they wish to secure their innovations. With the debut of globalization, internet business will probably go international, opening the business to a broader market. The 5-Minute Rule for Internet for Business Essay Samples If you would like to use paper samples, don't forget about plagiarism and its consequences. If you wish to use a paper sample, look closely at the question it discusses. Having written the very first draft, it's important to revise your paper so that it may have an ideal appearance. You don't manage to work out respectable research paper writing businesses since a good deal of them appearance the exact same. The accessibility and access to information through the net has significantly transformed the world making it a worldwide village. When all info is stored in the exact same location, it's easier for an intruder to reach it. In order to get the best returns and the most targeted traffic that you want to engage the help of a business that's going to get your website the exposure it ought to succeed. Many term paper sites will require a percentage that's particular your purchase to enable you to pay for internet site running costs and keep consitently the website afloat. How to Get Started with Internet for Business Essay Samples? There might be a physical shop and you may promote it through some exceptional on-line advertising and marketing plans too. Company focused on merchandising and purchase activities to make the most of the worth of the company transaction. In accord with the market targets, the corporation should establish different products targeted at the target markets. The primary reason why drop shipping organization is so unique is that you're able to begin your own pers onal e-commerce provider and turn it into a mega and global e-commerce store without investing in any products or shipping logistics. Ideas, Formulas and Shortcuts for Internet for Business Essay Samples Indeed, no cost essays are extremely helpful. The writers ought to be in a position to compose essays online in numerous locations. When browsing the internet, an individual can find a large number of essay examples. Before you're inclined to become general general public together with your essay you could clearly need to demonstrate your projects to a few your pals. Folks are more inclined to use the Internet as a way to read the most recent news than buying newspapers they used to have delivered to their residence. The number of individuals following and engaging the business in the social media will be utilized to analyze the quantity of people that the company has been in a position to reach out to. It wants to venture into the Gulf and Middle East region. With social sites, it can market their services to a large population more quickly and conveniently. As your company grows you'll have to delegate more technical duties and concentrate on the management facet of your organization. Company's website The corporation should find the assistance of a good IT firm to design a great website. Over the years, it has grown to be a giant company in the building and constructions field. It produces quality works due to its rich workforce and good management strategies. A History of Internet for Business Essay Samples Refuted Lessons from the online business are necessary to support and watch over the business model from being ruined. When it isn't able to integrate with major social networking platforms, your organization will be seriously hindered. Employing Internet, it's possible to created customized experience for every single customer, and thus businesses have more opportunities to engage customers and to acquire customer loyalty online. I nternet business provides relevant information regarding an item. Introduction The purpose of every business organization is to earn profits, as it is by the making the profits an organization can sustain itself in the marketplace and consequently grow. Over time, the organization has relied heavily on Eng. Therefore, it's important an organization has a superior marketing program which will ensure its capacity to reach out to the sector, hence being in a position to makes sales. It's impossible for a company to be effective in the competitive cyber world competition without a proper advertising and marketing strategy and campaign.

A Study on Conservative Resurgence - 1171 Words

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Reagans victory over then President Jimmy Carter signaled a distinct resurgence in conservative values an d political activity. In the 1950s, Lionel Trilling, famous literary critic and writer, stated that in the United States at this time liberalism is not only the dominant but even the sole intellectual tradition. (McPherson, 2008, p.30) This belief was maintained throughout the 1960s and 1970s within the American intellectual and political community. In addition, the conservative opposition to the civil rights movement, although for constitutional reasons, hadShow MoreRelatedThe Political Parties Of The National Front1085 Words   |  5 Pagespopulist parties are gaining across Western Europe. This paper will examine the political parties of the National Front in France, along with the Party for Freedom in The Netherlands. 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Police Officer Body Cam Shows Amazing Rescue - 987 Words

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Case Study Of HIH Insurance Limited Click Now To Get Solution

Question: Discuss about the Case Study of HIH Insurance Limited. Answer: Introduction: The main theme of the case study on HIH Insurance limited mainly helps in the evaluation of the different types of misstatements and fraud conducted by the directors. The report further shows the effective application of the different types of the risk assessment of insurance company. The study also shows the effective details about the details of the risk inherited which contributed to the downfall of the company. In addition to this the study shows the various types of the crucial information related to the legal liabilities which may be applied to the given case for the purpose of investigating the unethical means adopted by the directors of the HIH Insurance. The final part of the report suggests the various types of the ethical considerations which needs to be considered before increasing in risk exposure. Business Risk Assessments along with Inherent risk Assessment of the business risk of HIH insurance Limited: The primary risk is associated with the overall operations of the HIH Insurance in the insolvency and the risk, associated to the organizational, structure. In general, the insurance companies are known for using lower profile for the risk assessment. In which the return is high and the risk of negative earnings is low. The overall assessment of the insurance business HIH is depicted below as follows: Risk of Insolvency The different types of the risk associated with the insolvency are mainly based on the risk associated to auditing by the designated auditor of the company. Moreover, as per the financial statement of the company, the main information in the financial data clearly suggest a reduction in the overall debt of the company. The several manipulations of the balance sheet shows the reduction in the debt ratio and showing a wrong valuation of the company. The financial statement further states the issues pertaining in the accounting practices and ability of drawing more investors (Arens et al. 2015). Structural Risk: The HIH insurance service provider has shown changes in the risk strategy by the inclusion of the risk areas related to film financing insurance, marine aviation and different types of the natural disasters. Moreover, the different types of the risky endeavours of the insurance company have shown exclusion in terms of paradigms which are not yet which are not yet aimed by HIH. The higher risk structure has resulted towards financial downturn as can be observed in case of investment in marine aviation that resulted in a negative return $ 60 million. It has been further observed that the insurance company did not adhere to the regulations laid down by the APRA (Bell and Griffin 2012). Listing of the inherent risk, which affect in the reporting of the HIH and evaluation of the risk level: As per the given case the various types of inherent factors related to the risk mostly comprised of the fraud and misstatement reported in the financial statement. It has been further seen that the different types of risk factors affect the authenticity of the report, which could have been used by the investors for evaluating the solvency status of an organization. With the help of auditors, companies are able to the liabilities in the financial statement which can further portray solvency. It should be further noted that the inherent risk of the insurance company should have been in compliance other companies however the auditors did not report the involvement of the company in any other sector of insurance which would have increased the overall risk factors (DeFond and Zhang 2014). It should be further noted that risk factors related to control and detection lost the fiction that it used to have in the high-risk insurance areas. The control risk was useful in evaluating the inaccuracy in the financial statement. However the inclusion of the risky ventures reduced the efficiency of the inherent risk policies adopted by the auditors. The investigation of the risk was further seen decrease the implementation of green sharing policies used by HIH for providing higher risk schemes for insurance. In several cases it has been noticed that auditors use unethical measures is their personal income and access the companies in inflating their balance sheet (Eilifsen et al. 2013). Legal Liability Determination of relevant court cases that Andersens should refer in order to assess the likelihood of partnership In the given case, the HIH scandal is relevant to various court cases which might be referred in order to analyze the likelihood of partnership of both clients and creditors. As per the given case, the court banned the directors for tenure of 10 years charges of fraud and arch to pay compensation amounting to $7m. Without the declaration of insolvency, it is a complex procedure to detect the fraud conducted by the company through their annual report (Hayes, Wallage and Gortemaker 2014). Perspective of the client The client of the HIH insurance, especially Mr. Brad Cooper was seen to be involved in unethical practices related to bribing the agent of the insurance company and insuring the high-risk assets. Moreover, it was all observed that HIH members litigating the case received more than $ 100,000 by direct or indirect means for allowing payment of $737,000. Hence these illegal activities conducted by HIH were brought forward in the court which assisted in proving the guilt. Several incidences it was also seen that the company received unlawful sum of money as gifts to allow unjustified insurance claims of clients (Backof 2015). From the perspective of creditor It was all observed that an officer of FAI General Insurance Company limited named Mr. Stephen Burroughs was held for trial as he was unable to show honesty in depicting the unethical practices taken by the HIH Company. As per the given case study Terry Cassidy, Daniel Wilkie and Timothy Maxwell Mainprize where due to dishonesty and giving irregular statement of the financial data of the company (Koretz 2014). Determination of the factors which may exist to uphold the negligence action Reduced informational independence The limited information determined by HIH insurance to its auditors and several other regulatory bodies can be held as an action of negligence against the company. Additionally, due to the limited information, the auditors were unable to comply with the changes of inherent risk factors of the company, this in turn increased the overall insolvency risk. In several cases it has been observed that the fear of termination of auditing license company the companys to use ethical principles in disclosing the financial statements (Brochet and Srinivasan 2014). Corrupted governance practice of HIH The corruption in the corporate governance observed in HIH insurance was mainly due to the overall degradation of the company. In addition to this, the several changes in the exposure of flesh and introduction of high risk insurance the clients then not properly communicated to the respective authority for the management and the high risk projects taken up by the company (Faria et al. 2013). Determination of the factors which led to the appointment of prior members in the external auditing team of HIH Several type of changing business perspective of the company needed the external auditors to support the same. In addition to this the inclusion of external auditors with the previous members of the company was considered to be helpful in keeping its confidential information. The external auditors were further observed to increase the wealth recommendation two different types of unethical means which led to nondisclosure of essential financial position of the company. With respect to this context the adequate formation required by the external auditors they are observed to be helpful for the purpose of authentication of the overall report of the auditors and reduction in the management relations conducted by the company. Several other reasons for appointment of the prior members as auditors are identified as: Implementation of the previous members as external auditors, which may assist the company in reduction in misstatements through checking of the financial reports It was further observed that the external auditors may be able to understand the operations and the requirements of the various types of strategies with respect to the experience in the organization. It was further noticed that the involvement and the approval of the previous directors assisted the investors maintaining trust of the company. The various types of non inclusion of external auditors was considered to be helpful to HIH in pursuing unethical practices which could help in retaining more profit for the members (Hay, Knechel and Willekens 2014) Evaluation of the pros, which may be provided by the firm in evaluating both auditing and consulting services: The overall audit process and consulting services primarily helps in improving the overall operations of the company. Moreover, it was found the collaboration of the services might have helped the company in identification of issues and loopholes. This stated to improve the overall operational capabilities of the company. Some of the advantages of using a form for auditing and consulting areas are observed as follows: The advantages are seen in assisting the companies in identification of errors in the overall audit process which may reduce the authenticity of the financial statement. Suggesting measures which can be implemented by an organization to keep in control the overall expenditure It can be further helpful in confining the internal secrets of the company and safeguarding it from the competitors The auditing in the consultancy firm I mainly found to be helpful for the identification of errors and misstatements in the annual report of the company, which can in turn hamper the authenticity of financial report. It is a further stated that the consultation phone is found to be helpful for the companies to reduce their taxes by providing of solutions for increasing the retained earnings (Helin and Babri 2015). Rationale for violation of ethical standard by a company For the purpose of effective evaluation of HIH insurance company, it needs to be understood that there were several types of ethical violations made by the directors, members of the company and the external auditors. Moreover, the main culprit identified for taking advantage of this circumstance was identified to be Arthur Anderson. It was identified that more than $1.7 m and $1.6 m was observed to be paid for the purpose of auditing and consultation fees. It was further argued that the different types of ethical violation only took place when the company was unable to manage the internal control leading to higher liquidity accumulation. It can be further observed that the external auditors, which did not comply with the AA the auditing rules, declined in its status. It was further noted that the auditors did not fulfil their duties as per the rules laid down by Australian Accounting Standards Board (Mellichamp 2013). The various types of circumstances applied by the HIH insurance to examine the external audit and make changes in the regulations prescribed by the potential marching clearly stated that the extent not violations were carried out by its auditors and directors. The above-mentioned ethical violations were conducted for the increasing the overall personal income. Recommendations that are provided by Ramsay report and CLERP 9 As per the CLERP 9 and the Ramsay report, the assistance was identified mainly in the identification of the policies that led to the usage in the ethical financial reporting and corporate governance. Some of the recommendations given in the report include: Increment in the overall waiting time of the top management of retired personal redesign external audit team from a time span of two years to four years The implementation of the auditing services for senior personnel and auditors report of the company Increment in the rotation policy of members especially of the external auditors from two years to five years (Michelacci and Schivardi 2013) Conclusion The overall assignment clearly states in identifying different types of unethical measures conducted by the insurance company. The study further helps in the identification of insolvency and organizational structure related to risk structuring were identified as the major threat to the company. It was further identified that the inherent risk mainly reduces the fairness of audit report maintained by the company. This further depicts the legal liabilities, which might be relevant to Mr. Andersen for portraying the unethical measures in the audit report. Reference List Arens, A.A., Elder, R.J., Beasley, M.S. and Jones, J., 2015. Auditing: The Art and Science of Assurance Engagements. Pearson Canada. Backof, A.G., 2015. The impact of audit evidence documentation on jurors' negligence verdicts and damage awards. The Accounting Review, 90(6), pp.2177-2204. Bell, T.B. and Griffin, J.B., 2012. Commentary on auditing high-uncertainty fair value estimates. Auditing: A Journal of Practice Theory, 31(1), pp.147-155. Brochet, F. and Srinivasan, S., 2014. Accountability of independent directors: Evidence from firms subject to securities litigation. Journal of Financial Economics, 111(2), pp.430-449. DeFond, M. and Zhang, J., 2014. A review of archival auditing research. Journal of Accounting and Economics, 58(2), pp.275-326. Eilifsen, A., Messier, W.F., Glover, S.M. and Prawitt, D.F., 2013. Auditing and assurance services. McGraw-Hill. Faria, S.R., Alford, A., Garcia, S.C. and Fulkerson, W.J., 2013. An integrated assessment of business risk for pasture-based dairy farm systems intensification. Agricultural Systems, 115, pp.10-20. Hay, D., Knechel, W.R. and Willekens, M., 2014. The Routledge Companion to Auditing. Routledge. Hayes, R., Wallage, P. and Gortemaker, H., 2014. Principles of auditing: an introduction to international standards on auditing. Pearson Higher Ed. Helin, S. and Babri, M., 2015. Travelling with a code of ethics: a contextual study of a Swedish MNC auditing a Chinese supplier. Journal of Cleaner Production, 107, pp.41-53. Koretz, D., 2014. Auditing for score inflation using self-monitoring assessments: Findings from three pilot studies (Doctoral dissertation, Harvard College). Mellichamp, D.A., 2013. New discounted cash flow method: estimating plant profitability at the conceptual design level while compensating for business risk/uncertainty. Computers Chemical Engineering, 48, pp.251-263. Michelacci, C. and Schivardi, F., 2013. Does Idiosyncratic Business Risk Matter for Growth?. Journal of the European Economic Association, 11(2), pp.343-368.

Sop Concrete Block free essay sample

Standard Operating Procedures of Making a Concrete Block. | Department/ Unit: | This Standard Operating Procedures has been done by Department of Production and Manufacturing of Concrete Block| Purpose:| The purpose of this Standard Operating Procedures of making a concrete block is to provide instructions in order to manufacture a concrete block. | Who can perform this SOP:| Skilled worker technician. | Equipment/ Tools Needed:| Personal Protective Equipment:| Safety helmet, goggles, hand gloves and face mask. Tools:| Sand, cement, water, gravel and formwork. | Reference Materials:| http://www. madehow. com/Volume-3/Concrete-Block. html | Others: | None| Ref No| 1993/123| Date| 16 April 2013| Page No. | 2| Procedures: | Mixing Process 1. Store the sand and gravel outside in piles. 2. Transfer them into storagebins by conveyer belts. 3. Store the portland cementInto large vertical silos to avoidmoisture. 4. Transfer the required amount of sand. gravel and cement by mechanicalmeans to a weigh batcher to measurethe amount of each material. 5. Flow the weighed materials into a stationary mixer and blend themtogether for several minutes. We will write a custom essay sample on Sop Concrete Block or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 6. Add small amount of water to the mixer. | Molding 1. Dump the thoroughly mixed concreteto an inclined bucket conveyer and transport it to an elevated hopper. 2. Convey the concrete to another hopper on top of the block machine at a measured flow rate . When they are full so that the downward force will mold the concrete. The upper mold head will compact the molds 3. Push the compacted molds down and out of the molds onto a flat steel pallet. . Push the pallet and blocks out of the machine onto a chain conveyer. | Curing 1. Convey the pallets of blocks to an automated stacker that will place them in a curing rack. Move the rack into a curing kiln when it is full. 2. Hold the blocks in the kiln for 1 to 3 hours. 3. Introduce steam gradually into the kiln to raise the temperature not more than 16? C per hour. 4. Cure the blocks at a temperature of (66-74? C) 5. Upon reaching the curing temperature shut the steam off. 6. Soak the blocks in hot moist air for 12-18 hours. 7. Dry the blocks after soaking in the kiln again by further raising the temperature for 3 hours. | Cubing 1. Roll the racks of cured blocks out of the kiln. 2. Unstack the pallets of blocks and place them on a chain conveyer. 3. Push the blocks off from steel pallets and fed the empty pallets back into block machine. 4. Pass the blocks through a cuber which aligns aligns each block and stack them into cube three blocks across by six blocks deep by three or four blocks high. 5. Carry the blocks outside with a forklift. Place them in a storage. | Prepared by: | Skilled worker technician. Reviewed by: | Project Manager from Production and Manufacturing of Concrete Block. | Approved by: | Chief Manager from Quality Department of Production and Manufacturing of Concrete Block. | Ref No| 1993/123| Date| 16 April 2013| Page No. | 3| Standard Operating Procedures of Making a Concrete Block UHL2422 English for Technical Communication NAME| STUDENT ID| Mohd Adhan Izmi Bin Roslan| AA12227| Wan Mo hd Haziq Bin Wan Mohd Kamil| AA12080| Maxwell Sayong| TB12022| Jason Osen Anak Ahok| PA12021| LECTURER| Mdm. Aisyah Hanum Binti Abu Bakar|

smoking essays

smoking essays Cigarette smoking is still the most important preventable cause of premature death in Australia. It has been found that the use of tabacco has resulted in a loss of more than 18,000 lives in Australia each year, while costing the Australian community more than $12.7 billion per annum, which in annual economic costs in terms of lost years of life, loss of income and medical and related costs, were estimated to be at around two percent of the gross national product . Thus, reducing the prevalence of smoking rightly remains a high priority on Australia's public health agenda. In this paper, I will describe the way in which a structural functionalist approach is implicit in the area of health promotion programmes on smoke free environments. Aaron Antonovsky proposed that health is created where people live, love, learn, work and play. This ultimately results to a disproportionately prevalent use of tobacco, where it is found that smoking prevalence is inversely related to education and socioeconomic status. This complements the structuralist theory, which assumes that, what people believe and how individuals behave, is mediated through social institutions. Structural functionalists argue that social institutions like the family, the education system and health care play a role in socializing people. Social roles, derived through consensus, regulate social action, including how we behave with respect to health promotion. Parsons believe that there exists interpersonal and inter-institutional ties within the society. These ties have a compelling effect on the individual to perform and adopt a certain action. Every member of the society has his or her own obligations and responsibility to the society. There exists a social pressure on him for which he cannot disregard his roles and responsibilities to the society and his own family as well. This explains the behavior change by an individuals motivation to comply with those o...

Jacques Derrida Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Jacques Derrida - Essay Example The book wa' tran'lated in Engli'h and publi'hed in U'A in the year 1970. (Gla', John , Leavey and Richard , 86-98) 'ection' of the book and what they contain:Thi' i' no ordinary writing. The common man would not be able to gra'p the import of the content' of thi' book. Even for the intellectual', it i' a tough reading exerci'e. The fir't half of the book contain' the famed e''ay on De'carte' and Foucault. It focu'e' on the development of Derrida'' method of decon'truction. Derrida carefully elucidate' the traditional nature of 'ome nontraditional current' of modern thought. The 'econd half contain' Derrida'' intelligent analy'i' 'howing how and why metaphy'ical thinking mu't exclude writing from it' conception of language. The'e e''ay' are on Artaud, Freud,Hegel, Bataille and Leve-'trau'-'ort of Derrida'' rejoinder to their argument'. Thi' i' the untran'latable formulation of a metaphy'ical 'concept' which doe' not exclude writing. We find Derrida at work on hi' 'y'tematic decon'truction of We'tern metaphy'ic'. The book'' fir't half, which include' the celebrated e''ay on De'carte' and Foucault, 'how' the development of Derrida'' method of decon'truction. ... Hi' new way' of thinking, reading and writing are ba'ed on the total under'tanding of the old way', in their pure and unadulterated form. The chapter-wi'e content' of the book are1. Force and 'ignification, 2. Cogito and the Hi'tory of Madne'', 3. Edmond Jab'' and the Que'tion of the Book,4. Violence and Metaphy'ic': An E''ay on the Thought of Emmanuel Levina', 5. "Gene'i' and 'tructure" and Phenomenology, 6. La parole 'ouffl', 7. Freud and the 'cene of Writing, 8. The Theater of Cruelty and the Clo'ure of Repre'entation,9. From Re'tricted to General Economy: A Hegeliani'm without Re'erve 10. 'tructure, 'ign, and Play in the Di'cour'e of the Human 'cience', and 11. Ellip'i'. Jacque' Derrida wa' born to 'ephardic Jewi'h parent' in Algeria in 1930. He did military 'ervice in France. He began hi' 'tudie' in philo'ophy at the Ecole Normale 'uperieure in Pari' in 1952. Derrida attended Harvard on 'cholar'hip in 1956-57. What the author i' pre'enting in the book:Derrida advocate' for the rejection of We'tern metaphy'ic' 'tating and 'howing that written word' did not 'tand for the 'poken word'. 'poken word' on the other hand did not 'tand for thought. Thought proce'' doe' not 'tand for Truth or God. All thought proce'' end' at the barrier called mind. The thought' can not have any exi'tence beyond the mind-level. That i' the domain of 'piritual experience, where thought' have no role to play becau'e at that level they are not there at all. (Gla', John , Leavey and Richard , 86-98) How it ha' been utilized in the field of communication:Derrida'' contribution to the communication enterpri'e i' mixed one -it i' negative and po'itive. A' for the po'itive 'ide, hi' argument' contribute to the awarene'' of mankind'' common apprehen'ion of being mi'under'tood. No writer can

Joint Functions Course of Action and Sketch Coursework

Joint Functions Course of Action and Sketch - Coursework Example The operation occurs in NATO nations and allied forces (Elsner, Hanappi & Hanappi 12). Strategic significance It is a necessity for law and order. During wartime, it is indispensable for offences such as treason, betrayal and defection to be punished by death. It is for the greater good of both the country and the army in terms of security. In executing, say, a traitor, it will help in terminating further leakage of strategic and crucial military secrets that in failing to stop them, will jeopardize the security status of the country. Therefore, the death sentence is the only foul- proof means to put an end to these heinous crimes. There comes a time when logic is beaten by necessity, and necessity being the best solution to the incumbent problem. Therefore, the United States of America’s constitution has recognized these times and put the death sentence in place to cater for it. Thus, the death penalty is in place due to this necessity (Elsner, Hanappi & Hanappi 14). Goals an d objectives The policy of the United States aims in promoting a regional stability and to ensure that the available resources are safe for the citizens and allies. The main objective is to coordinate and maintain an effective mechanism to deter the enemies through a counter defense mechanism. The policy intends to deny the enemy access to the regional communication and resources. The aim is to design a system that improves regional stability, deter ear, and demonstrate the commitment levels to the region. Once the government of the United States has established a combat power to generate an adequate defense strategy, an implementation is carried out to counter attack and restore peace in its territory (Elsner, Hanappi & Hanappi 18). Purpose The concept plan gives an idea of deployment and employment of the war forces in an counter force. The civil war was a fight to keep the union of the United States of America. Conflicting opinions arose due to the federal government on the conce pt of the constitution. A rift between the handling of governments run by the federal and executive governments created the civil war. A union meant that the two run under one constitution. The war continued for four year. The division between the north and south conflicted against the election of Abraham Lincoln. The northern state was free while the southern state comprised of slaves. The union formed from eleven southern states lead to a disagreement after Lincoln declared the acts illegal. The sketch of the command structure The responsibilities of the tactics The fight over power paints a different picture if pasted in today’s happening. The reaction is the same only that people do not go into a civil war. The war experienced today involves individuals withholding necessary resources until certain regions accept the given ruling. The civil war began after the battle of Bull Run in 1861. The war showed signs of lasting for years. The states experienced huge battles in the states in America. The central reason behind the war was slavery, but until the Battle of Antietam in 1862 is when the slavery issue subsided. The slaves finally gained their freedom after the war during the thirteenth amendment. Expectations of the law The war started the poor economic circle that we experience today. For the northern part of America, they experienced a boon while for the south it was an economic disaster. The civil war created not time for business

Critical Thinking Scenario Essay Example for Free

Critical Thinking Scenario Essay Critical thinking is a learned thinking process. Like riding a bicycle, it takes time and effort to learn but once one gets it down, critical thinking can become as natural as breathing. When one applies critical thinking to ethics, the use of these three questions will help in almost any scenario. What are the moral responsibilities that are tied to the issue? Are there conflicts in one’s own moral ideas or obligations with this issue? What is the best outcome that one can achieve to reach one’s goal while keeping with one’s own moral code? In the Internet video, â€Å"To drill or Not to Drill†, Nightline (2004) states that there may be an ethical and environmental issue with drilling in the Midwest but lets the viewer answer the open ended question, should we drill or not drill. With the help of Nightline’s video, we shall put these questions to a test. Moral Responsibility and Moral Failings The first question is what are the moral responsibilities of the participants in this issue? The land to be drill is government land and the â€Å"Bureau of Land Management is responsible for balancing the uses of public lands† (Nightline, 2004). The drillers are morally responsible for the land they lease and the people working in their company. The people living in the area have a responsibility to uphold the environment, their community and homes. The moral failings happen when one does not hold up to their responsibility. In this case, the drillers are not taking care of the land like they should and due to pressure, the Bureau of Land Management is not balancing the use of public land. The people living in the area are trying to uphold their responsibility. Conflicts in Ideas and Obligations Most moral failings are because of a conflict of ideas or obligations, which  leads to question two: Are there conflicts in one’s own moral ideas or obligations with this issue? With the case of the drillers, one assumes that the conflict is in obligations. Nightline did not interview the drillers nor their companies. It is from Nightline’s report that one gets the feeling that they are more concerned with profits then the land or people, when it is reported that there are $20 million in profits from each well but no updated equipment, nor updated disposals for waste. (Nightline, 2004) The moral obligation not to harm should not have to written down in law, but without it, the moral obligation to shareholders has greater sway. Where are the laws and regulations for the land? The Bureau of Land Management is having ethical conflicts of their own. â€Å"The Bush Administration has directed federal land managers to expedite oil and gas development† (Nightline, 2004). This direction causes moral conflict as morally obligated they still have to balance the uses of land but obligations to the family or themselves to keep their job, they have to quickly develop the land. The people living in the area are in conflict between the fairness of the amount leases and the cost to their community and the environment. Best Outcome In question number three, we come to the heart of the issue. What is the best outcome that one can achieve to reach one’s goal while keeping with one’s own moral code? In this case, the best outcome is the Bureau of Land Management to include more regulations and rules for waste disposal for drilling and slow the drilling down, the drillers that are there need to update their equipment and waste disposal for the environment. Both the drillers and land management need to remember that while â€Å"experts have estimated that there’s roughly 20 trillion cubic feet of gas here. That would supply the entire nation’s natural gas needs for about a year.†(Nightline, 2004), they will not be drilling forever. The damage to the environment that they do now will have long term effects on the people and animals in the area. Conclusion In the nightline video, To Drill or Not to Drill, we found an ethical issue with drilling in the Midwest. We used three questions to navigate the  ethical issue and found the best outcome for the issue. The questions we used were, What are the moral responsibilities that are tied to the issue? Are there conflicts in one’s own moral ideas or obligations with this issue? What is the best outcome that one can achieve to reach one’s goal while keeping with one’s own moral code? By applying these three questions, one can use critical thinking to steer though most ethical situations. References Ruggiero, V. (2012). Thinking Critically About Ethical Issues (9th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix Collection database. Nightline (2004, June 19). To Drill or Not to Drill [Video file]. Retrieved from Pearson website: https://media.pearsoncmg.com/pls/us/phoenix/1269738887/To_Drill_or_Not_to_Drill.html

Children of the Abbey by Roche Essay -- Regina Maria Roche Gothic Genr

The Children of the Abbey as a Hybrid Text Regina Maria Roche’s 1796 The Children of the Abbey is a text that crosses the boundaries of genre: it at once engages with the conventions of the Gothic novel, the pedagogical text, the national tale, the novel of Sensibility, and travel literature. As an Irish-born British woman writing this novel during the politically volatile 1790s, Roche’s historical and temporal location may provide an explanation for her development of this hybrid novel. In its employment of multiple and potentially contradictory genres, The Children of the Abbey may be interpreted as Roche’s reflection of and engagement with the instability of her time. In order to more effectively understand the political and social implications of Roche’s work, it is necessary to disentangle the various literary strands within the novel, identify how each genre functions, and consider the possible reasons why it has been woven into the text. What is Genre? From Literature as Discourse: Textual Strategies in English and History: Genre thus refers to systems of classifications of types of texts. Genre classifications are part of a broader social system of classifications, not all of which use the term 'genre', but which have the same essential characteristics and functions. Genres (or types of texts) are classified in terms of both the semiosic dimension (primarily conditions of production and reception, matching kinds of author and writing to kinds of reader and readings) and the mimetic dimension (primarily what topics, themes or meanings will be included and what will be excluded, and their modality, i.e. how they are understood to relate to the real world). Sometimes the mimetic dimension is emphasized in a definition... ...plicated by â€Å"its actual [inclination] towards emotion that exceeded utility† (89). As Regina Maria Roche’s novel may arguably be connected to both the genre of the pedagogical text as well as to the novel of sensibility, tension may arise in the text as the two potentially-conflicting genres are both engaged with. Hybrid novels, therefore, may provide both clarification as well as confusion in the interpretation they encourage of their readers. Works Cited: Hodge, Robert. Literature as Discourse: Textual Strategies in English and History. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1990. Manning, Susan. "Sensibility." The Cambridge Companion to English Literature, 1740-1830. Eds. Thomas Keymer and Jon Mee. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004. Moynahan, Julian. Anglo-Irish: The Literary Imagination in a Hyphenated Culture. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.

Succubus Shadows Chapter 10

I woke to blackness. Blackness and suffocation. I was in a small room, a box really, crammed in so tightly that my arms wrapped around me and my knees were drawn to my chest. Weirdly, my limbs seemed too long. My whole body did, actually. My body changed all the time with shape-shifting, but this wasn't what I'd been wearing with Roman. This was different. For a moment, that horrible space seemed to close in around me. I couldn't breathe. With great effort, I tried to calm myself down. There was enough air. I could breathe. And even if I couldn't have, it wouldn't have mattered. The fear of suffocation was a human instinct. Where was I? I didn't remember anything after the bedroom. I recalled the light and the music and Roman bursting in too late. I'd felt his power build up, like he was about to take action, but I hadn't seen the conclusion. And now, here I was. Before my eyes, two identical luminescent forms suddenly appeared, like torches being lit in the darkness. They were tall and thin, with willowy, androgynous features. Black cloth wrapped around their bodies, seeming to glow with a light of its own, and long black hair flowed from their heads, blending in and losing itself in the cloth. Their eyes were a startling radioactive blue, too blue for any human, and seemed to bug out of those long, pale faces that were neither male nor female. It was weird too because it was like they stood before me in a large room, as though they were ten or so feet away from me. Yet, I was still crammed into the confines of my box and its unseen walls, barely able to move. Aside from them, everything else was pure, unfathomable blackness. I couldn't even see my own body or any other features of the room. My brain couldn't get a grip on this spatial hypocrisy. It was all too surreal. â€Å"Who are you?† I demanded. â€Å"What am I doing here?† I saw no point in wasting time. The duo didn't answer right away. Their eyes were cold and unreadable, but I saw a bit of smugness in their lips. â€Å"Our succubus,† one said. His – my brain decided to assign them a gender – voice was low and raspy, with a lisp that reminded me of a snake. â€Å"Our succubus at last.† â€Å"Harder to catch than we thought,† added the other, voice identical. â€Å"We thought you would have succumbed long ago.† â€Å"Who are you?† I repeated, anger kindling. I squirmed in a futile attempt at escape. My confines were so tight that I didn't even have the space to beat my fists against the nonexistent walls. â€Å"Mother will be pleased,† the first one said. â€Å"Very pleased,† confirmed the other. The way they alternated phrases reminded me of how Grace – Jerome's former lieutenant demoness – and Mei used to interact. That had had a charming, moderately creepy The Shining feel to it. This†¦this was something else. Something terrible and icy, burning my senses like nails on a chalkboard. â€Å"Mother will reward us,† the first said. I decided to call them One and Two for the ease of mental processing. â€Å"She will reward us when she is free, when she escapes the angels.† â€Å"Who's your mother?† I asked. A troubling suspicion was beginning to form. â€Å"We will avenge her until she can do it herself,† said Two. â€Å"You will suffer for betraying her.† â€Å"Nyx,† I murmured. â€Å"Nyx is your mother. And you're†¦you're Oneroi.† They said nothing, which I took as affirmation. My head reeled. Oneroi? How had this happened? Oneroi were a type of dream demon – but not demons like the ones I interacted with. Heaven and Hell were forces in the universe, but there were others, others that mingled with and often ran parallel to the system I existed in. Nyx was one such force, an entity of chaos from the beginning of time, when the world had been created from disorder. And the Oneroi were her children. I knew a few things about them but had never seen them – or ever expected to. They visited dreams, feeding on them. Nyx had done this too, but the manner had been a little different. She had manipulated people into seeing the future in their dreams – a twisted version that didn't unfold the way the dreamer expected. It had led to crazy actions that spawned chaos in the world, allowing her to grow stronger. She'd also fed on my energy directly, taking it in its purest form and distracting me with dreams of my own. But Oneroi fed on the dreams themselves, deriving their power from the emotions and realities fueled by the dreamer. My understanding was that they also had the power to manipulate dreams but rarely had reason to. Humans provided plenty of hopes, dreams, and fears on their own. They needed no outside help. That was the extent of my Oneroi knowledge, but it was enough. Feeling even a little informed about the situation empowered me. â€Å"That's what this is about? You took me because of Nyx? I wasn't the one who caught her. The angels did.† â€Å"You helped them,† said One. â€Å"Led them to her.† â€Å"And then refused to save her,† added Two. With a pang, I remembered that horrible night, when Carter and his cronies had recaptured Nyx after her devastating free-for-all in Seattle. An angel had died that night. Another had fallen. And Nyx had promised to show me a future and family with a man I could love, if only I would give her the rest of my energy and let her break free. â€Å"She was lying,† I said. â€Å"She was trying to make a deal when she had nothing to offer.† â€Å"Mother always shows the truth,† said One. â€Å"Dreams can be lies, but truth is truth.† I decided pointing out the redundancy of that statement was useless. â€Å"Well, I'm sure she'll appreciate the Mother's Day gift, but you're wasting your time. Jerome will come for me. My archdemon. He won't let me stay here.† â€Å"He won't find you,† said Two. This time, I could definitely see smugness. â€Å"He can't find you. You no longer exist for him.† â€Å"You're wrong,† I replied, with a bit of my own smugness. â€Å"There's no place in this world you can take me where he can't find me.† That was, of course, assuming they hadn't managed to hide my immortal aura. To my knowledge, only greater immortals could do that. I wasn't sure where Oneroi fell in. One actually smiled. It was not attractive. â€Å"You aren't in the world. Not the mortal world. This is the dream world.† â€Å"You're one of many dreams,† Two said. â€Å"One dream among all the dreams of humanity. Your essence is here. Your soul. Lost in a sea of countless others.† My fear stopped me from offering commentary on his sudden shift into metaphor. The metaphysics of the universe and its layers and creation were beyond me. Even if someone had explained them to me, it was something past the comprehension of a mortal, lesser immortal, or any other being who was made-not-born. I had enough understanding, though, to recognize some truth in their words. There was a world of dreams, a world without form with nearly as much power as the physical one I lived in. Was it possible to trap my essence in it and hide me from Jerome? I was unsure enough that I couldn't write it off. â€Å"So, what?† I asked, attempting haughtiness but mostly sounding as uneasy as I felt. â€Å"You'll just keep me in this mime box and feel better about yourselves?† â€Å"No,† said One. â€Å"You're in the world of dreams. You will dream.† The world dissolved again. It was my wedding day. I was fifteen years old, jailbait in the twenty-first century but more than old enough to be a wife in fourth-century Cyprus. And more than tall enough too. The Oneroi had sent me into a memory or a dream of a memory or something like that. It was a lot like the dreams Nyx had put me in. I was watching myself like a movie†¦yet at the same time, I was in myself, experiencing everything quite naturally. It was a disorienting feeling, made worse by the fact that I had never wanted to see my human self again. Selling my soul had come with obvious downsides, but there had been perks too: the ability to shape-shift and never again have to wear the body that had committed such grievous sins in my mortal life. Yet, there I was, and I was unable to look away. It was like being in A Clockwork Orange. My younger self had been about five feet ten inches tall by today's standards and a giant of a woman in an era where people had been shorter. When dancing, I'd been able to put that long body and all those limbs to good use, moving gracefully and effortlessly. In everyday life, though, I'd always been painfully conscious of my height, feeling awkward and unnatural. Watching my old self walk now, from the outside, I was astonished to see I didn't appear as clumsy as I'd always believed. That didn't negate the revulsion I felt at seeing the thick, waist-long black hair or passably pretty face. Still, it was kind of a surprise to watch reality (if this was reality) and memory meshed. It was just after dawn, and I was carrying a large amphora of oil out to a storage house beyond my family's home. My steps were light, careful not to spill any of it, and I again marveled at the way I moved. I set the vessel down beside others inside the shed and started to head back toward the house. I'd barely taken two steps outside when Kyriakos, my husband-to-be, appeared. There was a covert expression on his face, one that instantly told me he had sneaked over here to find me and knew perfectly well that he shouldn't have. It was an uncharacteristically bold move for him, and I chastised him for the indiscretion. â€Å"What are you doing? You're going to see me this afternoon†¦and then every day after that!† â€Å"I had to give you these before the wedding.† He held up a string of wooden beads, small and perfectly formed with tiny ankhs engraved on them. â€Å"They were my mother's. I want you to have them, to wear them today.† He leaned forward, placing the beads around my neck. As his fingers brushed my skin, I felt something warm and tingly run through my body. At the tender age of fifteen, I hadn't exactly understood such sensations, though I was eager to explore them. My wiser self today recognized them as the early stirrings of lust, and†¦well, there had been something else there too. Something else that I still didn't quite comprehend. An electric connection, a feeling that we were bound into something bigger than ourselves. That our being together was inevitable. â€Å"There,† he said, once the beads were secure and my hair brushed back into place. â€Å"Perfect.† He said nothing else after that. He didn't need to. His eyes told me all I needed to know, and I shivered. Until Kyriakos, no man had ever given me a second glance. I was Marthanes' too-tall daughter after all, the one with the sharp tongue who didn't think before speaking. But Kyriakos had always listened to me and watched me like I was someone more, someone tempting and desirable, like the beautiful priestesses of Aphrodite who still carried on their rituals away from the Christian priests. I wanted him to touch me then, not realizing just how much until I caught his hand suddenly and unexpectedly. Taking it, I placed it around my waist and pulled him to me. His eyes widened in surprise but he didn't pull back. We were almost the same height, making it easy for his mouth to seek mine out in a crushing kiss. I leaned against the warm stone wall behind me so that I was pressed between it and him. I could feel every part of his body against mine, but we still weren't close enough. Not nearly enough. Our kissing grew more ardent, as though our lips alone might close whatever aching distance lay between us. I moved his hand again, this time to push up my skirt along the side of one leg. His hand stroked the smooth flesh there and, without further urging, slid over to my inner thigh. I arched my lower body toward his, nearly writhing against him now, needing him to touch me everywhere. â€Å"Letha? Where are you at?† My sister's voice carried over the wind; she wasn't nearby but could no doubt show up if she sought me. Kyriakos and I broke apart, both gasping, pulses racing. He was looking at me like he'd never seen me before. Heat burned in his gaze. â€Å"Have you ever been with anyone before?† he asked wonderingly. I shook my head. â€Å"How did you†¦I never imagined you doing that†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"I learn fast.† We stood there, locked in time for a moment. Then, he pulled me back to him, his lips crushing mine once more. His hand returned to my dress, hiking it up over my waist. He held my bare hips firmly and pressed himself to my body. I felt him hard against me, felt my body respond to something that seemed both new and natural at the same time. The fingers of one hand slid over, feeling the wetness between my thighs. His touch felt like fire, and I moaned, wanting him to stroke me there more and more. Instead, he turned me around so that I faced the wall. With one hand, he kept the skirt of my dress up, and with his other, I had the vague impression of him fumbling with his clothes. Then, a moment later, he pushed himself into me. It was a shock, like nothing I'd experienced before. I'd meant what I'd said earlier: that I'd never been with another man. And even wet with desire, it still hurt to have him inside me that first time. He seemed too big and me too small. I cried out at the pain, an odd sort of pain that didn't diminish the fire that had been building within me. His thrusts were hard and urgent, no doubt fueled by feelings he'd long been holding back on. And after a while, the initial pain seemed irrelevant. Pleasure began to grow as he moved into me over and over, and I adjusted myself so that I bent over more and let him take me more deeply. He thrust more forcefully, and I again exclaimed in surprise and blissful pain. I heard a muffled groan, and then his body shuddered as he spent himself, his movements at last slowing down. When he was done, he pulled out and turned me around. It was the first time I'd seen him naked in all of this. There was blood and semen on both of us, which I tried to clean off my thighs before finally just letting my dress fall back over me. I'd be bathing before the wedding anyway. Kyriakos had just finished putting his clothes back on when we heard my name again. This time, it was my mother. He and I stared at each other in wonder, scarcely believing we'd just done what we had. I was aglow with love and the joy of sex and a whole host of new feelings I wanted to explore in more detail. Fear of my mother drove us apart. Stepping back, he grinned and pressed my hand to his lips. â€Å"Tonight,† he breathed. â€Å"Tonight we†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Tonight,† I agreed. â€Å"We'll do it again. I love you.† He smiled at me, eyes smoldering, and then hurried off before we were caught. I watched him go, my heart filled with joy. The rest of the day went by in a dreamy haze, partially because of the flurry of wedding activity and partially because of what had happened with Kyriakos. I'd had a vague idea of what would occur on our wedding night, but my imaginings had never come close to the real thing. I practically danced my way through the rest of the day, impatient to truly be Kyriakos' wife and make love again and again. The wedding was taking place at our home, so there was enough work (along with my own preparation) to almost keep me distracted. As the ceremony time grew nearer, I was bathed and dressed in my wedding gown: an ivory tunic of fine material, wrapped with a flame-red veil. I had to kneel a little for my mother to adequately adjust the veil, earning a number of jokes about my height from my sister. It didn't matter. Nothing mattered except me and Kyriakos being together forever. Soon, guests began arriving, and my heart rate increased. Anticipation and the day's heat made me sweat, and I fretted about ruining the dress. Someone called out that Kyriakos and his family were approaching. The excitement in the air grew palpable, shared by everyone now. Yet, when Kyriakos arrived, he barged right into the house, going against the traditional procession and stately ceremony that should have taken place. For half a second, some girlish part of me thought that Kyriakos – in his burning love for me – couldn't wait through the drawn out process of a ceremony. I was quickly enlightened. With a face flushed with fury, he marched up to my father. â€Å"Marthanes,† Kyriakos growled, finger in my father's face. â€Å"You insult me if you think I'm going through with this wedding.† My father was clearly taken aback – not an easy thing to accomplish. People chastised me for my sharp tongue, but that was largely because I was a woman. I wasn't half as bad as my father, and he'd intimidated a lot of men twice his size. (It was a sad irony that while I was tall for a woman, my father was short for a man.) A few moments later, my father recovered his usual bluster. â€Å"Of course you are!† he exclaimed. â€Å"We've made the betrothal. We paid the dowry.† Kyriakos' father was there, and judging from his fine clothes and surprised expression, this was all news to him too. He set a hand on his son's shoulder. â€Å"Kyriakos, what's this all about?† â€Å"Her,† said Kyriakos, pointing his finger at me. His gaze swung to my face, and I flinched from its force, as though I'd been slapped. â€Å"I will not marry Marthanes' whore of a daughter!† There were gasps and murmurs from those around us. My father's face turned bright red. â€Å"You're insulting me! All of my daughters are chaste. They're all virgins.† â€Å"Are they?† Kyriakos turned back to me. â€Å"Are you?† All eyes turned to me, and I blanched. My tongue felt dry. I couldn't muster any words. My father threw up his hands, clearly exasperated by this nonsense. â€Å"Tell them, Letha. Tell them so that we can end this and get our dowry back.† Kyriakos had a dangerous glint in his eyes as he studied me. â€Å"Yes, tell them so that we can end this. Are you a virgin?† â€Å"No, but – â€Å" Chaos erupted. Men shouted. My mother wailed. The guests were a mix of stunned shock and delight over a new scandal. Desperately, I tried to find my voice and shout above the din. â€Å"It was only with Kyriakos!† I cried. â€Å"Today was the first time!† Kyriakos turned away from where he'd been telling my father the dowry would not be returned. He glanced over at me. â€Å"It's true,† he said. â€Å"We did it today. She spread herself as easily and knowingly as any whore, begging me to take her. There's no telling how many men she's offered her body up to – or how many she would even when married.† â€Å"No!† I exclaimed. â€Å"It's not true!† But no one heard me. There was too much arguing now. Kyriakos' family was raging over the insult. My family was bristling against the name-calling, and my father was trying his best to do damage control, though he knew perfectly well that my own admission had damned us. Premarital sex was not so out of the ordinary for lower classes, but as a tradesman's family, we modeled a lot of our customs on our betters among the nobility – or pretended to. A girl's virtue was a sacred thing, one that reflected on her father and family as a whole. This disgraced all of them – and had serious repercussions for me. As Kyriakos well knew. He had moved toward me so that I could hear him through the noise. â€Å"Now they all know,† he said in a low voice. â€Å"They all know you for what you are.† â€Å"It's not true,† I said through my tears. â€Å"You know it isn't.† â€Å"No one will have you now,† he continued. â€Å"No one worth having. You'll spend the rest of your life on your back, spreading your legs for whoever comes along. And ultimately, you'll be alone. No one will have you.† I squeezed my eyes shut to try to stop the tears, and when I opened them again, I was surrounded in blackness. Well, not entirely in blackness. Before me, the Oneroi glowed more brightly than before, lit from within by that eerie light. â€Å"An interesting dream,† said Two, with what I think passed for a smile. â€Å"One that gave us much to feed on.† â€Å"It's not true,† I said. There were tears on my cheeks in waking, just as there had been in sleep. â€Å"That wasn't true. It was a lie. That wasn't how things happened.† The dream was muddling my brain, almost making me question myself, but my own memories soon won out. I remembered that day. I remembered kissing Kyriakos by the building and how we'd then gone separate ways, strengthened by the knowledge that we would soon be man and wife, making our wedding night that much sweeter. And it had been. It hadn't been rushed against a wall. We'd taken time to learn and explore each other's bodies. He'd been on top of me, staring into my eyes – not my back. He'd told me I was his life. He'd told me I was his world. â€Å"It was a lie,† I repeated more firmly, fixing the Oneroi with a glare. â€Å"That's not how it happened. That's not how it happened.† I knew I was right, yet I felt the need to keep repeating it, to make sure the words were true. One gave a small shrug, unconcerned. â€Å"It doesn't matter. I told you: Mother shows the truth. But dreams? Dreams are dreams. They can be truth or lies, and all provide food for us. And you?† He smiled a smile that was the mirror of his twin's. â€Å"You will dream†¦and dream†¦and dream†¦Ã¢â‚¬ 

Reyita Book Review Essay - 1155 Words

Reyita Book Review Part I: Summary Reyita tells the story of Maria de los Reyes Castillo Bueno, a black Cuban woman living through several pivotal moments in Cuban history as a member of perhaps the most disenfranchised group of people in Cuban society; Reyita was poor, she was black, and she was a woman. The story begins with a recounting of the story of Tatica, Reyita’s grandmother, and her trial of being abducted from her native Africa and brought to Cuba to be sold into slavery. Tatica’s story sets a precedent that is upheld by the next generations of her family of racial discrimination, struggle for survival and equality, and political activism. Reyita explains that her grandmother’s love of Africa instilled in Reyita a†¦show more content†¦Reyita’s next exposure to political activism and its potential power of destruction came when she was living with her aunt, Mangà ¡, who was the president of the Committee of Ladies for the Independent Coloured Party. Mangà ƒ ¡ participates and helps with the movement, only to have her shop burned to the ground, her life threatened, and then after she flees, she is found and arrested and sent to prison. Reyita is exposed to this sort of injustice throughout her entire life, due to her repeated close proximity to political leaders and activists. Reyita also faces race-based injustice and discrimination in her social life. This comes primarily in the form of her marriage. Reyita marries a white man, named Rubiera, which is seems was always an aspiration or plan of hers. She says I didnt want a black husband, not out of contempt for my race, but because black men had almost no possibilities of getting ahead and the certainty of facing lots of discrimination (p. 166). Unfortunately, Reyita’s marriage to Rubiera did not help her much in her struggle for survival and equality. Although Rubiera always had a job, the family still had to move around frequently, and Reyita often had to find ways to make extra money. Reyita’s main goal throughout her life is to make a better life for her children, which is why she resigns hersels to being â€Å"just a mother†. All of her children survive, except for her sons who are killed in conflicts, and although Rubiera was sometimes cold